Bryophytes as bioindicators of air quality in the vegetation of the municipal Botanical Garden of Bauru-SP Álison Luís Cara, Bruna Beatriz Gimenez de Oliveira, Giovana de Azevedo Paiva

Abstract

Bryophytes are small organisms found in humid places because is necessary water for reproduction. They are classified in three groups, Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta (Hepatophyta) and Anthocerophyta, found fixed in soils, rocks, leaves and stems by their rhizoids kind of the roots. The ecological importance of these chlorophyll individuals is related to their function as a bioindicator of air quality and to be controlling agents of soil erosion. The intention of the work through random collections in the Botanical Garden of Bauru, to relate the morphospecies found with the environmental conditions imposed by the vegetation of Cerrado and Seasonal and semi-deciduous Forest. These different ecosystems, because they have different phytophysiognomies, influenced the humidity and luminosity indexes of the area. The material was dried at normal temperature and one part, after drying, was rehydrated and placed on a slide and coverslip for analysis of its morphology. 23 morphospecies were found, being 8 in the Cerrado and 15 in the Seasonal and semi-deciduous Forest, distributed in the Bryophyta, Anthocerophyta and Marchantiophyta divisions, with 21, 1 and 1 respectively. The variety of individuals along with CETESB (Environment Sanitation Technology Company) provided data and other researched material indicated good air quality in the area.