ANALYSIS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS RELATED TO CLIMATE CONDITIONS AND AIR QUALITY BETWEEN 2001 AND 2018 IN SANTOS_SP Ingridy Rafaela de Souza Gonçalves, Lucas Santana Dantas, Sabrina Souza da Silva, Fabio Giordano

Abstract

Despite efforts to control and combat, Tuberculosis remains the most important human infectious disease in the world. It is estimated that about a third of the world population has tuberculosis bacteria, but only 10% develop the disease. According to a survey by DATASUS, 94,274 cases of tuberculosis were confirmed in Brazil in 2018. In the present study, climatic conditions and air quality standards will be analyzed during the period from 2001 to 2018 and the relationship between these variations and the incidence of confirmed cases in city ​​of Santos. The objective of the research is to find a correlation between climate and air quality and the incidence of tuberculosis in the city. The annual average concentrations of inhalable particulate material, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, relative humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure and air velocity collected from 2001 to 2018 were obtained through the CETESB website by QUALAR, a page that monitors and records data on climatic and pollution factors in the state of São Paulo. Regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the variables and the incidence of tuberculosis. We use Pearson's correlation that determines the degree of relationship between two quantitative variables, which uses a coefficient between -1 and 1, where 1 expresses a linear relationship between the variables, and -1 expresses that the variables go in opposite directions. When elevated, certain climatic factors can influence the increase in tuberculosis cases, that is: the hotter and wetter, the higher the incidence of the disease. Some pollutants, such as inhaling particles and sulfur dioxide are factors that can significantly interfere with the contraction of the disease. Together with the bibliographic research, we can see the importance of the study, because, in the past, it was possible to observe how the disease could be controlled, and thus came the sanatorium in Campos do Jordão, which was effective in the attempt to mitigate cases and treat tuberculosis patients.