NUTRITIONAL STRATEGIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs communication, social interaction, and behavior, often associated with eating challenges that impact health and quality of life. Food selectivity, one of the main obstacles, is characterized by refusal of new foods, acceptance of a limited variety, and aversion to specific textures, smells, or flavors, often related to changes in sensory processing. This inappropriate eating behavior can result in nutritional deficiencies, directly impacting the nutritional status of children with ASD. In this context, this article conducted a systematic review of studies that investigated nutritional strategies in the dietary therapy treatment of children with ASD. The results indicated that gluten- and casein-free diets, as well as omega-3 supplementation, represent promising approaches for this population. However, current literature is limited, which prevents definitive proof of the effectiveness of these interventions. Therefore, the study's conclusion highlights the need for further research in this area. Furthermore, it emphasizes that nutritional treatment must be strictly individualized, considering each child's acceptance. Mineral supplementation is recommended, as restricted dietary intake is often insufficient to meet daily nutritional requirements