CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS, AND THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOLSTITLE

Abstract

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is the most common malignant neoplasm in childhood, characterized by the uncontrolled production of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow, impairing normal blood cell formation. it mainly affects children between 2 and 5 years old, with a higher incidence in males. Initial symptoms are nonspecific and may delay clinical diagnosis. Complete blood count, bone marrow aspiration and immunophenotyping are essential for confirmation. This work aims to review the clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostic methods and therapeutic protocols of childhood all, as well as to analyze the prognostic factors that directly influence survival, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and adequate treatment for better outcomes