Histochemical Evidence of Mucus Barrier Alterations in Seriatopora caliendrum Exposed to Benzophenone-3

Abstract

Coral reefs are vulnerable ecosystems to emerging contaminants such as benzophenone-3 (BP-3), commonly found in sunscreens. This study evaluated mucin production in Seriatopora caliendrum exposed to BP-3 for 96 h. Fragments were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and Alcian Blue). High concentrations (5–10 mg/L) caused tissue loss, while intermediate doses reduced glycoproteins (PAS) and increased acidic mucins (AB), indicating functional imbalances. The results show that even at sublethal levels, BP-3 compromises the mucous barrier, essential for coral defense and nutrition, reinforcing concerns about the presence of sunscreens in reef areas and the need for safer alternatives.