PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PORT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN BRAZIL: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE PORT OF AÇU (RJ) AND THE PORT OF FORTALEZA (CE) FERNANDO RIBEIRO DOS SANTOS, KLEBER DUARTE SOARES, MOISÉS SANTOS DE CARVALHO, MURILO ANDRADE FELIX, YURI AMORIM MANDU DA SILVA

Abstract

In the brazilian context, sustainability practices in public and private ports often have different regulations. Public ports, under government control, face strict regulations and pressure to comply with environmental requirements, while private ports, with greater flexibility due to private ownership, seek strategies in line with their economic interests, resulting in different environmental management approaches. This article therefore focuses on the analysis of two specific cases, the Port of Açu, which operates under private management, and the Port of Fortaleza, which is under public management. The general aim of the research is to understand the sustainable practices of private and public ports. Specifically, the aim is to compare the practices of ports through their sustainability reports and the Environmental Development Index (IDA), which is regulated by an agency linked to the Federal Government. To this end, the methodology adopted is bibliographical and comparative, using the sustainability reports issued by these ports in 2020, 2021 and 2022 as a source of research. The results obtained indicate that the Port of Açu has more relevance and sustainable strategies than the Port of Fortaleza. Furthermore, based on the IDA data, there are variations in the environmental performance of the ports, with the Port of Fortaleza outperforming the Port of Açu in some indicators in 2021. However, comparing the data itself, considering the overall ranking between the ports, the Port of Açu is still closer to the established sustainability parameters.