Emergency Response and Control Systems in Situations of Local Contingencies Overload – A Case Study

Abstract

Emergency Response and Control Systems (SRCE) are essential for maintaining the stability of power grids under overload and contingency conditions. In Brazil, the Regional Load Relief Scheme (ERAC), coordinated by the National Electric System Operator (ONS), is a strategic tool to prevent blackouts and preserve the operation of essential sectors, capable of maintaining up to 70% of the load of the National Interconnected System (SIN) in critical situations. Technological advances such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart sensors, and automation have enhanced ERAC’s effectiveness by enabling remote monitoring, real-time anomaly detection, and rapid responses, thereby reducing economic and social impacts. This work presents a case study conducted at a steel plant in the state of São Paulo, in which selective load shedding in priority areas during underfrequency events proved effective in protecting strategic infrastructure and maintaining operational continuity. Despite these improvements, challenges remain, such as adapting existing infrastructure and integrating new technologies. It is concluded that the modernization of power grids, combined with solutions such as ERAC and IoT, is indispensable to ensure a reliable, resilient power supply capable of meeting future demands.