Application of Fracture Mechanics and Fatigue to the Failure Analysis of a Belt Conveyor Drum Shaft

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Guilherme Rossi
Júlio César Pereira
Willy Ank Morais

Abstract

This work presents the fatigue failure analysis of a tensioning drum shaft of a belt conveyor used in a mining plant. The investigation examined the hypothesis of excessive bending loading resulting from belt tensioning, as well as the possible influence of prior surface repair interventions involving metallization. The analysis was conducted based on elastoplastic fracture mechanics criteria, material property characterization (SAE 4340 steel), and estimation of the stresses acting in the fracture region. Stress, bending moment, and fatigue strength calculations indicated that the bending load imposed on the shaft, resulting from the tensioning applied by the tie rods, exceeded both the admissible limits established in the technical documentation and the estimated fatigue strength limit of the component. Effective stresses of approximately 270 MPa were determined in the notch region, compared with fatigue strength values ranging from 223 to 274 MPa, depending on the adopted reliability level. Additionally, the force applied to the tie rods was approximately 216% higher than the recommended value, characterizing a critical overload condition associated with the failure.

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