LEGISLATION AND ACCESSIBILITY Maria Valquíria de Souza Barbosa

Abstract

The text addresses the lack of effectiveness in implementing accessibility laws in Brazil, despite the existence and enforcement of extensive legislation on the subject. It is highlighted that, although there are technical standards, laws, and decrees aimed at ensuring accessibility, various factors such as financial and technical issues, lack of enforcement, and punishment contribute to non-compliance with this legislation. The article aims to describe technical standards, laws, and decrees related to accessibility, especially in architecture and urbanism. It is emphasized that, according to data from IBGE, there are about 18.6 million people with disabilities in Brazil, representing 8.9% of the population aged 2 years or older. Data analysis reveals disparities such as high illiteracy rates and limited access to education for people with disabilities. The text highlights the importance of ensuring equal opportunities for this group, especially in areas such as employment and education. Regarding legislation, fundamental laws are mentioned, such as Law No. 10,098, from 2000, and Federal Decree No. 5,296, from 2004, which regulates this law. Additionally, the Brazilian Law of Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities, Law No. 13,146, from 2015, known as the Statute of Persons with Disabilities, which aims to ensure rights and fundamental freedoms, is highlighted. The research points out the importance of ABNT technical standards, especially NBR 9050, which establishes accessibility criteria in buildings, furniture, urban spaces, and equipment. Furthermore, various specific technical standards for accessibility in different locations and situations, such as transportation, elevators, etc., are mentioned. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of legislation and technical standards in ensuring accessibility and equal opportunities for people with disabilities, while also pointing out challenges in effectively implementing these standards in the Brazilian context.