Impacts of climate change on the Port of Santos Climate Change; Port Environment; Port of Santos

Abstract

The national port system is responsible for approximately 95% of Brazil's trade flow. It is therefore of fundamental importance to the national economy, in addition to being an important generator of jobs, and also fulfilling an important social role. The main national ports are coastal or estuarine, particularly susceptible to ongoing climate change, especially with regard to extreme effects, such as storms and storm surges, whose occurrence has been increasingly frequent, intense and prolonged. In 2021, the National Waterway Transportation Agency (ANTAQ), with the support of the German organization GIZ, produced a study that covered 21 public ports. The Port of Santos, responsible for approximately 25% of the country's foreign trade, was the subject of a specific study, called: “Climate Risk Survey and Adaptation Measures for Port Infrastructures – Executive Summary – Port of Santos”, published in 2022.