Advances and risks of artificial intelligence in healthcare

Abstract

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced remarkable progress, becoming an indispensable tool for solving a wide range of technological and economic challenges. Problem: This article explores the current state of AI, with a special focus on machine learning techniques, including artificial neural networks. It discusses the current state of these areas, the challenges they face, and the research opportunities they present; in addition, it highlights concerns related to the social impacts and ethical issues of AI. Objectives: To present problems and issues related to AI, assessing the impact on society and presenting possible ways to mitigate the risks of AI. Methods: A critical-narrative review was carried out based on scientific texts and documents. Results: AI is a promising technology with the potential to generate significant benefits for society. However, AI also presents risks and challenges that need to be considered. Studies on the social impacts and ethical issues of AI are important to ensure that this technology is developed and used responsibly. Conclusions: AI is a technology with the potential for positive impact, but it also presents risks that need to be mitigated. It is important that studies on the social impacts and ethical issues of AI are carried out continuously and that they address the following aspects: (1) technical: a) prejudice and discrimination; b) lack of transparency; c) lack of control; (2) social: d) loss of jobs; e) social inequality; f) environmental impacts; (3) ethical: g) autonomy; h) responsibility; i) privacy.